Cook, Learn, and Share to Fight Hunger.

A lot of us like some meat or fish to be served at room temperature under the recommended value defined by the USDA. A great example of this are medium-rare beef steaks, which are in general very popular, but at the same time the internal temperature is under the recommended safe serving temperature. How is this possible? Many people just believe that this is the best way to cook a steak.

My opinion is that partially rare beef steaks combine a whole spectrum of flavors which create a great gourmet experience. Great quality and properly cooked medium-rare steaks will always melt in your mouth and won’t have an unpleasant rubbery texture. A well done steak, on the other hand, will be a more one sided flavor wise. In the end even if cooked well, it will be more chewy than medium-rare steaks.

Another great example of breaking the defined rules of the minimum recommended safe serving temperatures is sushi since authentic sushi most often includes totally raw fish. I personally consider sushi to be one of my favorite meals, and I also think it is totally fair to say that many of us have had sushi at some point or are at least willing to try it one day. Since I’m coming from a European culture, partially raw or even fully raw meat or fish seems to me to be a perfectly normal alternative to cooked meat.

One of the generally most popular meals in Europe is steak tartare, which is finely chopped, totally raw pieces of beef (usually filet mignon) served with raw egg yolk. Another thing I find interesting: the typical average of food poisoning cases in my country is pretty much the same as in the US, where serving raw meat is generally less common.

If you decide to serve and eat partially or fully raw meat or fish, it is important to be especially careful. Buy only fresh and high-quality products from good sources. Some of these should be properly refrigerated and eaten soon after purchase (preferably the same or next day).

Disclaimer

This section provides you with my personal opinion on consuming raw or partially cooked meat or fish. It is up to you whether you strictly follow safe serving temperatures recommended by the USDA or if you select temperatures lower temperatures than those recommendations. Note that raw meat or fish is not recommended for infants, pregnant women, elderly, and people with compromised immune systems.

See minimum recommended safe internal temperatures recommended by the USDA as well as other common and popular internal temperatures:

Beef, Lamb, Venison (steaks, chops, roast)

The USDA minimum safe internal temperature is 145°F.
Popular serving temperatures:
110 – 120°F – Blue
120 – 130°F – Rare
130 – 135°F – Medium Rare (most popular, especially by chefs)
135 – 145°F – Medium
145 – 155°F – Medium Well
155°F and more – Well Done

 

Pork and Veal (steaks, chops, roast)

The USDA minimum safe internal temperature is 145°F.
Popular serving temperatures:
120 – 130°F – Rare
130 – 135°F – Medium Rare
135 – 145°F – Medium (most popular, especially by chefs)
145 – 155°F – Medium Well
155°F and more – Well Done

 

Ground Beef Burger Meat

The USDA minimum safe internal temperature is 160°F.
Popular serving temperatures:
120 – 130°F – Rare
130 – 140°F – Medium Rare
140 – 150°F – Medium (most popular, especially by chefs)
150 – 160°F – Medium Well
160°F and more – Well Done

 

Ground Meat other burgers (sausages, meatloaf, with the exception of poultry]

The USDA minimum safe internal temperature is 160°F.

The popular serving temperature is the same as the minimum serving temperature.

 

Poultry

The USDA minimum safe internal temperature is 165°F.

The popular serving temperature is the same as the minimum serving temperature.

 

Fish

The USDA minimum safe internal temperature is 145°F.
Popular serving temperatures:
110 – 125°F – Rare
125 – 140°F – Medium Fair
145 – 155°F – Medium

 

Shellfish

The USDA minimum safe internal temperature is 145°F.
The popular serving temperature is the same as the minimum serving temperature.

Beef Steak medim rare medium well done

Beef Sirloin: Medium Rare, Medium and Well Done

Temperature Carryover

When you are planning to cook meat or fish at the internal temperature you selected, be aware of carryover. After you stop cooking meat, it keeps cooking even after you have removed it from the pan (carryover). If you are cooking on a high temperature, carryover is even higher. Thicker slices and pieces of meat have larger carryover since they cool slower.

It is hard to say how big the carryover is in general since it depends on multiple factors. In general, steak can have a carryover of 1 – 2°F, and roasts or brisket can have a 5°F carryover or even more.

Food Thermometer

No matter what internal temperature you end up with as a target, you will need to use a reliable food thermometer. It will always provide you with accurate information and help you determine the end of the cooking time. When you measure the temperature of meat, always penetrate the thickest point with your food thermometer to get best results. Always make sure to clean and sanitize the thermometer after usage.

The Bottom Line

The decision of what temperature is best for your meat or fish is totally up to you. If you decide to follow safe temperatures recommended by the USDA, I would like to encourage you to not prepare meat or fish too much over that recommended temperature, so it does not become overcooked. Overcooked meat or fish means you lose taste, moisture, and the food can be rubbery and not very pleasant to eat.

Be aware that the safe temperatures recommended by the USDA can change at any time after this guide was written. Follow the official sources of the USDA in order to get the current recommended safe internal temperatures. This section is meant to be solely informative

About the Author:
TomFounder
# 1
  • Published Recipes: 237
  • Av. Recipe Evaluation:
  • Location: Iowa, USA
  • Member since: 2023-02-02

Disclaimer

All content and information (including recipes, articles, and other materials) on CookingHub.com are the opinions of the authors and are not intended to provide dietary, medical, legal, or political advice. Consult with a professional before deciding to follow these opinions.

Authors and www.CookingHub.com (operated by CookingHub Foundation) are not responsible for any part of any possible outcome or its consequences, which include (but are not limited to):

  • Any health risk related to the handling of food, food quality, and/or not following USDA recommendations (including minimum safe serving temperatures and other guidelines).
  • Safety during preparation, including the handling of equipment and the equipment’s suitability for food preparation.
  • Improper performance of cooking techniques.
  • Sourcing of ingredients, providing tools, equipment, and anything else related to the preparation and consumption of the products of this recipe.
  • Nutritional data and information and diet-related information (and their accuracy). It is important to consult with your medical provider to ensure that the diet you are considering is suitable for you and to verify the information provided before proceeding.
  • The overall outcome of following recipes, including the look and taste of the final product.
  • Possible errors in articles and recipes (including incorrectly or unclearly explained steps and directions).
  • Typos.

All readers (users and visitors of www.CookingHub.com) are responsible for evaluating the recipes and articles and making their own decisions about whether to follow the steps and recommendations. They must ensure that the ingredients and steps fit with their dietary restrictions and avoid preparation methods that could pose a health risk due to an unsuitable diet.